What are the Scriptures of Ibraaheem (peace be upon him)?.
Praise be to Allaah.
The Scriptures of Ibraaheem
(peace be upon him) are the Scriptures that Allaah revealed to His Prophet
Ibraaheem (peace be upon him); most of what they contain -- as the scholars
said -- were exhortations, wisdom and lessons.
Our Lord, may He be
glorified and exalted, has mentioned them in the Holy Qur’aan in a number of
places, some of which refer to them in general terms and some in more
specific terms.
As for the general terms,
it is where Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“ Say (O Muslims): We
believe in Allaah and that which has been sent down to us and that which has
been sent down to Ibraaheem (Abraham), Ismaa’eel (Ishmael), Ishaaq (Isaac),
Ya’qoob (Jacob), and to Al-Asbaat [the offspring of the twelve sons of
Ya’qoob (Jacob)], and that which has been given to Moosa (Moses) and ‘Eesa
(Jesus), and that which has been given to the Prophets from their Lord. We
make no distinction between any of them, and to Him we have submitted (in
Islam)”
[al-Baqarah 2:136]
And He says (interpretation
of the meaning):
“Say (O Muhammad
صلى الله عليه وسلم): We believe in
Allaah and in what has been sent down to us, and what was sent down to
Ibraaheem (Abraham), Ismaa’eel (Ishmael), Ishaaq (Isaac), Ya‘qoob (Jacob)
and Al-Asbaat [the offspring of the twelve sons of Ya‘qoob (Jacob)] and what
was given to Moosa (Moses), ‘Eesa (Jesus) and the Prophets from their Lord.
We make no distinction between one another among them and to Him (Allaah) we
have submitted (in Islam)”
[Aal ‘Imraan 3:84].
As for the place where they
are mentioned clearly and specifically, it is in Soorat al-Najm, where
Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Did you (O Muhammad
صلى الله عليه وسلم) observe him who
turned away (from Islam).
34. And gave a little,
then stopped (giving)?
35. Is with him the
knowledge of the Unseen so that he sees?
36. Or is he not
informed with what is in the Pages (Scripture) of Moosa (Moses),
37. And of Ibraaheem
(Abraham) who fulfilled (or conveyed) all that (Allaah ordered him to do or
convey):
38. That no burdened
person (with sins) shall bear the burden (sins) of another.
39. And that man can
have nothing but what he does (good or bad).
40. And that his deeds
will be seen.
41. Then he will be
recompensed with a full and the best recompense”
[al-Najm 53: 33 – 41]
And in Soorat al-A’la,
where Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Indeed whosoever
purifies himself (by avoiding polytheism and accepting Islamic Monotheism)
shall achieve success,
15. And remembers
(glorifies) the Name of his Lord (worships none but Allaah), and prays (five
compulsory prayers and Nawaafil __additional prayers).
16. Nay, you prefer the
life of this world,
17. Although the
Hereafter is better and more lasting.
18. Verily, this is in
the former Scriptures —
19. The Scriptures of
Ibraaheem (Abraham) and Moosa (Moses) (عليهما
السلام)”
[al-A’la 87:14-19].
Ibn Jareer al-Tabari (may
Allaah have mercy on him) said:
What is meant by Scriptures
here is the books of Ibraaheem and Moosa. End quote.
Jaami’ al-Bayaan,
24/377
Al-‘Allaamah al-Ameen
al-Shanqeeti (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
“and what was sent down
to Ibraaheem (Abraham)”: it is not explained here what this was that was
sent down to Ibraaheem, but it is explained in Soorat al-A’la that it was
Scriptures, and that among what it said in those Scriptures was: “Nay,
you prefer the life of this world, Although the Hereafter is better and more
lasting” and that is in the verse where Allaah says (interpretation of
the meaning):
“Verily, this is in the
former Scriptures —
19. The Scriptures of
Ibraaheem (Abraham) and Moosa (Moses) (عليهما
السلام)”
[al-A’la 87:14-19].
Adwa’ al-Bayaan,
1/45
The Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allaah be upon him) has told us about the history of its
revelation, as it was narrated from Waathilah ibn al-Asqa’ that the
Messenger of Allaah (blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him) said: The
Scriptures of Ibraaheem (peace be upon him) were revealed on the first night
of Ramadan, the Torah was revealed on the sixth of Ramadan, the Gospel was
revealed on the 13th of Ramadan, and the Qur’aan was revealed on the 24th of
Ramadan. Narrated by Ahmad in al-Musnad (4/107) and classed as hasan
by al-Albaani in al-Silsilah al-Saheehah (1575).
In some weak hadeeths and
in some reports from the Taabi’een there are quotations from the Scriptures
of Ibraaheem, and it is most likely that they were narrated from the books
of the children of Israel which -- even if it is sound -- indicates that the
main subject matter of the Scriptures of Ibraaheem is wisdom and
exhortation.
Dawood ibn Hilaal
al-Nusaybi says:
It is written in the
Scriptures of Ibraaheem (peace be upon him):
“O world (dunya), how
insignificant you are to the righteous to whom you adorn yourself. I created
in their hearts hatred towards you and dislike for you. There is nothing in
creation that is more insignificant to Me than you. Everything about you is
insignificant; you are bound to perish; I decreed the day I created creation
that you would not last for anyone, and no one would last for you, and even
if the one who loves you tried to hold on to you, glad tidings to the
righteous who showed Me what they have of contentment in their hearts and
they showed Me what they have of sincerity and righteousness. Glad tidings
to them: I have no reward for them when they come to me out of their graves
except light running ahead of them, and the angels surrounding them, until I
grant them what they hope for of My mercy.
Al-Zuhd,
by Ibn Abi’l-Dunya (no. 200).
It says in al-Mawsoo’ah
al-Fiqhiyyah (15/167): with regard to the Scriptures of Ibraaheem and
Dawood, they were exhortations and proverbs, with no rulings in them, so
they are not included among the books which contain rulings. End quote.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may
Allaah have mercy on him) said:
The Scriptures of Ibraaheem
are Scriptures which Allaah revealed to Ibraaheem, in which there are
exhortations and rulings. End quote.
Liqaa’aat al-Baab
il-Maftoohah, (no. 176)
And Allaah knows best.
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